这种问题,涉及词汇的语义层次,也涉及惯用的层次但研究完,发现结果就是一个表达式:keep sth done一般人记住这个“表达式”,简明而实用,也就那么回事而已。Petra ran.什么意思?他到达了某个目标地,到了终极目的地么?他用了场合性时间,但他用完了话题(即跑到终点)时间么?The door is closed.门关上了。具有终结性。用术语是telicity得以实现The door is being closed.?什么意思?比较上面ran的例子。... kept his eyes fixed/being fixed on...比较上面closed/being closed的例子----------------------------一个类似的问题是,可以说,Her eyes fixed on?the opposite wall. (fixed是过去式, 不及物)那么照理,随之而来的分词形式是,Her eyes fixing on?the opposite wall. (fixing不及物动词的v-ing)即理论上v-ing 也没毛病但实际上fixing的这个例子其实没什么人用,即不符合惯用法。ALD第4、8版收入的fix (on/upon), 作为不及物动词, 都没有“固定眼神”之类的东西故kept his eyes fixed on...(√)kept his eyes fixing on... (不符合惯用)kept his eys being fixed... (语义不明)